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Arbitration – Liquidated Damages – Scope of Judicial Review under the Arbitration Act, 1940 – Interpretation of Contractual Terms – Performance Guarantees – Section 74 of the Indian Contract Act, 1872 – High Court’s Power to Set Aside Arbitral Awards.

The Supreme Court dismissed the appeal, upholding the High Court’s finding that the claim of ₹68.15 lakhs was speculative and beyond the contract...

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Penalty under Section 271AAA of the Income Tax Act, 1961 imposed partially; Supreme Court held penalty not leviable on Rs. 2,27,65,580/- as conditions under Section 271AAA(2) were fulfilled, but imposed 10% penalty on Rs. 2,49,90,000/- as undisclosed income found during search.

Constitution of India (COI) – Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC) – Income Tax Act, 1961 (Act 1961): – Section 271AAA – Penalty for undisclosed ...

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Long Incarceration and Right to Speedy Trial – Bail Granted. High Court of Judicature at Bombay emphasized the fundamental right to speedy trial under Article 21 of the Constitution of India, granting bail due to prolonged incarceration.

The Court acknowledged the Applicant’s long incarceration and the fundamental right to speedy justice. It noted that the case was based on circumsta...

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Earnest Money Forfeiture – Contractual Obligations – One-Sided Agreements – Consumer Protection

Forfeiture Clause – Valid But Limited to 10% of BSP – Contractual forfeiture of 20% BSP was excessive – Courts can interfere with unfair and one...

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Supreme Court Acquits Chandrabhan Sudam Sanap – Prosecution Failed to Prove Guilt Beyond Reasonable Doubt. Failure of the prosecution to establish an unbroken chain of circumstantial evidence led to the acquittal of the accused in a case involving abduction, sexual assault, and murder.

Major Acts Discussed: Constitution of India, 1950 – Article 21 (Right to Life and Personal Liberty) Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 – S...

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High standards of honesty and proportionality in disciplinary actions reaffirmed by the Supreme Court.

  Principles of Natural Justice: Breach of natural justice alone is insufficient for setting aside disciplinary action if the misconduct is proven...

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Supreme Court Nullifies Disciplinary Penalty Against Retired Medical Officer. “Vindication for the appellant as disciplinary actions declared arbitrary, with justice triumphing over executive misconduct.”

The Supreme Court of India, examined the legality of disciplinary proceedings initiated against a retiring Senior Medical Officer for alleged mis...

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"Supreme Court's Landmark Decision on Valuation Under Central Excise Act, 1944: Bharat Petroleum vs. Commissioner of Central Excise" "Defining Transaction Value in the Sale of Petroleum Products Between Public Sector Undertakings Under the Central Excise Act."

The judgment clarifies the determination of "transaction value" under Section 4(1) of the Central Excise Act for sales made between public sector oil ...

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Supreme Court Sets Aside Conviction in Dowry Harassment Case: Insufficient Evidence for Abetment of Suicide under IPC. Clarifies the distinction between presumptions under Sections 113A and 113B of the Evidence Act.

The appeal addressed the conviction of the appellant (brother-in-law) under Sections 306 and 498A of the Indian Penal Code (IPC) and Section 4 of the ...

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No Vicarious Liability of Company Directors in Environmental Violation.

Quashing of Criminal Proceedings – No Vicarious Liability Without Statutory Provision – The Supreme Court quashed criminal proceedings initiated a...