High Court Dismisses Petition Challenging Rejection of Impleadment Application in Partition Suit -- Trial Court's Discretion Under CPC Upheld Despite 20-Year Delay in Filing

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Case Note & Summary

The petitioner challenged the Trial Court's order rejecting her application to implead family members as defendants in a partition suit pending since 2005 -- The High Court examined whether the Trial Court properly exercised discretion under Order I Rule 10 CPC -- The Court noted the suit had been pending for 20 years and was at final hearing stage after High Court directions for expeditious disposal -- The petitioner had filed the impleadment application belatedly in August 2025 despite the suit being filed in 2005 -- The High Court held that while all co-shares are necessary parties in partition suits, the Trial Court rightly considered the inordinate delay and potential prejudice to existing parties -- The Court found no jurisdictional error or perversity in the Trial Court's order and dismissed the petition under Article 227 -- Costs of Rs. 25,000 were imposed on the petitioner for delaying the long-pending litigation

Headnote

The High Court of Gujarat at Ahmedabad dismissed a Special Civil Application filed under Article 227 of the Constitution of India challenging the Trial Court's order dated 16 September 2025 -- The Trial Court had rejected the petitioner's application under Order I Rule 10 of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (CPC) seeking to implead family members as defendants in Special Civil Suit No. 295 of 2005 -- The suit was for partition, declaration, and injunction regarding properties of Vitthalbhai Hirabhai -- The petitioner claimed share through her deceased husband Rangilbhai Vitthalbhai -- The High Court held that the Trial Court properly exercised its discretion considering the 20-year delay in filing the impleadment application -- The Court noted that the suit was at the final hearing stage after High Court directions for expeditious disposal -- The petitioner had earlier withdrawn an Appeal from Order and obtained directions for time-bound disposal -- The belated application would further delay the long-pending suit -- The High Court found no jurisdictional error or perversity in the Trial Court's order warranting interference under Article 227 -- The petition was dismissed with costs quantified at Rs. 25,000

Issue of Consideration: The Issue of Consideration was whether the Trial Court erred in rejecting the petitioner's application under Order I Rule 10 CPC to implead family members as defendants in a partition suit that had been pending for 20 years

Final Decision

The High Court dismissed the Special Civil Application and upheld the Trial Court's order dated 16 September 2025 -- The Court imposed costs of Rs. 25,000 on the petitioner payable to respondent No. 5 within four weeks -- The Court directed the Trial Court to proceed with the suit expeditiously in accordance with earlier directions dated 11 July 2024

2026 LawText (GUJ) (01) 586

R/Special Civil Application No. 16077 of 2025

2026-01-09

Honourable Mr. Justice Niral R. Mehta

2026:GUJHC:1839

Mr. Mehul Sharad Shah for Petitioner, Mr. Percy Kavina Senior Advocate with Mr. Daifraz Havewalla and Mr. Jinesh H. Kapadia for Respondent No. 5

Shantaben W/o Rangilbhai Vitthalbhai

Godavariben D/o Vitthalbhai Hirabhai & Ors.

Nature of Litigation: Special Civil Application under Article 227 of the Constitution of India challenging Trial Court order in partition suit

Remedy Sought

Petitioner sought quashing of Trial Court order dated 16 September 2025 rejecting application to implead family members as defendants

Filing Reason

Petitioner claimed Trial Court erred in rejecting application under Order I Rule 10 CPC to join all family members as necessary parties in partition suit

Previous Decisions

Trial Court dismissed application Exhibit-157 on 16 September 2025 -- Earlier, petitioner had withdrawn Appeal from Order and obtained High Court directions for expeditious disposal of suit on 11 July 2024 -- Trial Court had permitted deletion of unserved defendants by order dated 26 November 2009

Issues

Whether the Trial Court committed jurisdictional error in rejecting the application under Order I Rule 10 CPC to implead family members as defendants in the partition suit Whether the petitioner's belated application filed after 20 years of suit pendency deserved consideration under discretionary powers of the Court

Submissions/Arguments

Petitioner argued that all family members are necessary and proper parties in partition suits under Order I Rule 10 CPC -- Petitioner contended that Trial Court had power to add parties at any stage for complete adjudication -- Petitioner claimed application was under Order I Rule 10 CPC, not Order XXII Rule 4 CPC for substitution -- Respondents argued that belated application after 20 years would delay long-pending suit -- Respondents contended that Trial Court properly exercised discretion considering stage of proceedings and potential prejudice

Ratio Decidendi

While Order I Rule 10 CPC grants courts discretionary power to add necessary parties, such discretion must be exercised judiciously considering factors like delay, stage of proceedings, and prejudice to existing parties -- In partition suits pending for 20 years at final hearing stage, belated impleadment applications that would further delay proceedings can be properly rejected -- Courts exercising supervisory jurisdiction under Article 227 should not interfere with Trial Court's discretionary orders unless they demonstrate jurisdictional error or perversity

Judgment Excerpts

The Court held that 'the learned Trial Court has not committed any jurisdictional error or perversity in passing the impugned order' -- The Court observed that 'the suit is of the year 2005 and is pending for last 20 years' -- The Court noted that 'the petitioner had earlier withdrawn the Appeal from Order and obtained directions from this Court for expeditious disposal of the suit' -- The Court emphasized that 'the discretionary power under Order I Rule 10 CPC has to be exercised judiciously considering all relevant factors including delay and stage of proceedings'

Procedural History

Special Civil Suit No. 295 of 2005 filed in 2005 for partition, declaration, and injunction -- Application Exhibit-32 filed for deletion of unserved defendants, granted on 26 November 2009 -- Application Exhibit-5 decided on 31 July 2023 -- Appeal from Order filed and withdrawn, with High Court directions on 11 July 2024 for expeditious disposal -- Application Exhibit-157 filed on 22 August 2025 seeking impleadment of family members -- Trial Court rejected application on 16 September 2025 -- Special Civil Application No. 16077 of 2025 filed challenging Trial Court order -- High Court heard arguments and reserved judgment on 16 December 2025 -- Judgment pronounced on 9 January 2026 dismissing petition

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High Court High Court Dismisses Petition Challenging Rejection of Impleadment Application in Partition Suit -- Trial Court's Discretion Under CPC Upheld Despite 20-Year Delay in Filing
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